Journal of Human Capital Development (JHCD)

Synergy of ELM and TPB Models in Influencing Alumni Potential Behavioral Intentions towards Public University Service Endowments in Malaysia: A Conceptual Framework

2025-06-24T16:12:43+00:00

The increasing literacy problem requires serious attention to ensure access to quality education and lifelong learning opportunities can be enjoyed by all levels of society. This study aims to understand the behavioral intentions of alumni in contributing to Public Universities (UA) in Malaysia, particularly in the context of service waqf before it is implemented by UA to support quality education in the 4th sustainable development goal (SDG) among higher education institutions. This study uses a literature review approach to form a conceptual framework on the synergy of the Elaboration Likelihood Model (ELM) and the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) in influencing the behavioral intentions of alumni's potential involvement in service waqf. This study discusses 10 main constructs that influence the behavioral intentions of alumni's potential involvement, namely knowledge of waqf, cognitive level, rational appeal, emotional appeal, sense of belonging, value disclosure, convenience conditions, attitude, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control. The study findings show that these factors play an important role in determining alumni's behavioral intentions. The practical implications of this study suggest that UA management in Malaysia can use the proposed alumni behavioral intention model as a guide to devise more comprehensive and sustainable strategies in attracting more alumni to contribute to their alma mater in the future. These findings contribute to deepening the understanding of the potential behavioral intention of alumni engagement in Malaysia.

Abstract (Malay)

Masalah literasi yang semakin meningkat memerlukan perhatian serius untuk memastikan akses kepada pendidikan berkualiti dan peluang pembelajaran sepanjang hayat dapat dinikmati oleh semua lapisan masyarakat. Kajian ini bertujuan untuk memahami niat tingkah laku alumni dalam memberi sumbangan kepada Universiti Awam (UA) di Malaysia, khususnya dalam konteks wakaf perkhidmatan sebelum ia dilaksanakan oleh UA bagi menyokong pendidikan berkualiti dalam matlamat pembangunan lestari (SDG) ke-4 di kalangan institusi pengajian tinggi. Kajian ini menggunakan pendekatan tinjauan literatur untuk membentuk kerangka konseptual mengenai sinergi Model Elaboration Likelihood Model (ELM) dan Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB) dalam mempengaruhi niat tingkah laku potensi penglibatan alumni terhadap wakaf perkhidmatan. Kajian ini membincangkan 10 konstruk utama yang mempengaruhi niat potensi penglibatan alumni, iaitu pengetahuan terhadap wakaf, tahap kognitif, daya tarikan rasional, daya tarikan emosi, perasaan kepunyaan, pengungkapan nilai, keadaan kemudahan, sikap, norma subjektif, dan tanggapan kawalan tingkah laku. Penemuan kajian menunjukkan bahawa faktor-faktor ini memainkan peranan penting dalam menentukan niat tingkah laku alumni. Implikasi praktikal kajian ini mencadangkan bahawa pengurusan UA di Malaysia boleh menggunakan model niat tingkah laku alumni yang dicadangkan sebagai panduan untuk merangka strategi yang lebih komprehensif dan berkesinambungan dalam menarik lebih ramai alumni untuk menyumbang kepada alma mater mereka pada masa hadapan. Penemuan ini memberikan sumbangan dalam memperdalam pemahaman mengenai niat tingkah laku potensi penglibatan alumni di Malaysia.

Exploring The Traditional Maritime Technology: Classification of Terengganu's Sea and River Perahu

2025-01-23T08:27:59+00:00

Terengganu's rich maritime history has led to the development of various watercraft designs, with local researchers extensively studying the history, types, and decoration of traditional boats, known as perahu. However, the classification of perahu based on their specific usage remains underexplored. Given the scarcity of written records on Terengganu's traditional perahu, this study combines interviews and observations to gather essential data. In line with the Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 11, the research encourages collaboration between government and private entities, such as the Ministry of Higher Education, Universiti Teknologi Mara Seremban, Politeknik Ungku Omar, Terengganu State Museum, and the Royal Terengganu Institute for Historical and Legal Studies, aligning with SDG 17. The study aims to contribute to existing research by focusing on the classification of Terengganu's traditional perahu according to their specific river and sea applications. Adopting a case study approach, the research observes 15 traditional perahu and one prototype housed at the Terengganu State Museum, while one type is only represented through verbal accounts and is excluded. Interviews with experienced boatbuilders in Kuala Terengganu provide additional insights into the features of river and sea perahu. The study finds that, of the 16 types of perahu examined, five were designed for river navigation, while 11 were intended for the sea. The data were presented to the Maritime Unit at the Terengganu State Museum for validation. The variety of perahu in Terengganu is largely influenced by the region's geography, featuring both rivers and vast coastlines. These findings open avenues for further research into the evolution of Terengganu's traditional perahu.

The Effect of Transformational Leadership and Organizational Citizenship Behavior on Employee Performance in ABC Hotel

2024-08-31T08:26:25+00:00

Transformational leadership and organizational citizenship behavior (OCB) are critical elements to enhance employee performance in an organization. However, nearly 90% of hotel had to lay off globally due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Malaysia’s leadership also has been out of focus for many years and most of the organizations do not realize the importance of OCB in the workplace. Hence, the objectives of this research are to measure the level of employee performance, and to identify the relationship and the effect of transformational leadership and OCB on employee performance in ABC Hotel. The research was a cross-sectional study and a quantitative method was utilized. The questionnaire was adopted from previous research while the validity and reliability were shown in a high level. The data was collected through Google Forms from 122 employees in the target population by using stratified random sampling. The return rate reached 95.08%. The results of the current study provide empirical evidence on key issues related to transformational leadership and OCB of employees in ABC Hotel. Findings have shown a high level of employee performance with a positive relationship between transformational leadership (r=0.742) and OCB (r=0.638) with employee performance. The main result also showed that transformational leadership (r²=0.759) and OCB (r²=0.688) have a significant effect on employee performance. In conclusion, this research provides clear direction to stakeholders on the existing transformational leadership and OCB for the improvement in employee performance at ABC Hotel and other private sectors.

Implementation of The Community Service Order in Malaysia: How Effective is It?

2025-06-19T07:27:06+00:00

The main objective of this article is to study the effectiveness of the implementation of the Community Service Order (CSO) on CSO offenders. To answer this objective, information from CSO officers and staff was obtained through a qualitative approach, namely focus group discussions. A total of 143 CSO officers and staff were involved in this study. Staff views were obtained on several aspects related to CSO, namely the enforcement of CSO, management and administration of CSO documentation, work procedures and documents related to trainee management, activities and programs implemented, the effectiveness of CSO on trainees, and the training modules used. Findings from the focus group discussions overall found that CSO is a very good program because it provides a second chance, especially for Young and Child Offenders. However, there is still room for improvement that can be improved to ensure the success and effectiveness of the program. In this context, the study found that among the important challenges faced by CSO officers and staff were having to deal with excessive workloads, limited financial resources, and lack of commitment from trainees and families.

Abstract (Malay)

Objektif utama artikel ini adalah untuk mengkaji keberkesanan pelaksanaan Perintah Khidmat Masyarakat (PKM) terhadap pesalah PKM. Bagi menjawab objektif ini, maklumat daripada pegawai dan kakitangan PKM telah diperoleh menerusi pendekatan kualitatif iaitu perbincangan kumpulan berfokus. Seramai 143 pegawai dan kakitangan PKM telah terlibat dalam kajian ini. Pandangan kakitangan telah diperoleh terhadap beberapa aspek berkaitan PKM iaitu tentang penguatkuasaan PKM, pengurusan dan pentadbiran dokumentasi PKM, prosedur kerja dan dokumen berkaitan pengurusan pelatih, aktiviti dan program yang dilaksanakan, keberkesanan PKM terhadap pelatih, dan modul latihan yang digunakan. Dapatan daripada perbincangan kumpulan berfokus secara keseluruhannya mendapati bahawa PKM adalah satu program yang sangat baik kerana ia memberi peluang kedua terutamanya kepada Pesalah Muda dan Kanak-Kanak. Walau bagaimanapun, masih terdapat ruang penambahbaikan yang boleh dipertingkatkan bagi memastikan kejayaan dan keberkesanan program tersebut. Dalam konteks ini, kajian mendapati antara cabaran penting yang dihadapi oleh pegawai dan kakitangan PKM adalah terpaksa berhadapan dengan bebanan kerja yang terlalu tinggi, sumber kewangan yang terhad, dan kurang komitmen daripada pelatih dan keluarga.

Predicting the Employee Turnover Intention: How Organizations Leverage Data-Driven HR Predictive Analytics for Talent Management Decision-Making

2025-06-19T06:31:28+00:00

Turnover intention is an ongoing issue of interest to many organizations. High employee turnover intention can cause numerous negative effects to organizations, including decrease in productivity, increase training expenses and contribute to low employee morale. Thus, this study aimed to predict the employee turnover intention. Using Microsoft Excel and RStudio software, a logistic regression model is used to make predictions and analysed the relationship between variables in this quantitative research, which is based on a secondary dataset that was obtained from Kaggle. The study concluded that age, education field, department, business travel, overtime, total working years, years at company, number of companies worked, job involvement, interpersonal relationship satisfaction, work-life balance, job satisfaction and work environment satisfaction effected the employee turnover intention. However, the Hosmer-Lemeshow goodness-of-fit test indicated that the logistic regression model in this study is poorly fitted due to small sample sizes. For the theoretical contribution, this study provided different perspectives on variables that affect employee turnover intention and minimized the research gap caused by inconsistent results in previous literatures. Meanwhile, for the practical contribution, this study's predictive analytics using logistic regression model aimed to assist organizations to leverage data-driven Human Resource (HR) analytics to strategically manage their talent.