HUBUNGAN ANTARA KEBIMBANGAN PRA PERTANDINGAN DAN ORIENTASI MATLAMAT DALAM KALANGAN ATLET HOKI (THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN COMPETITIVE ANXIETY AND GOAL ORIENTATION AMONG HOCKEY ATHLETES)
Abstract
Tujuan kajian ini adalah untuk mengenalpasti hubungan antara kebimbangan pra-pertandingan dengan orientasi matlamat dalam kalangan atlet hoki. Selain itu kajian juga bertujuan untuk mengenal pasti perbezaan orientasi matlamat dan tahap kebimbangan pra-pertandingan dalam kalangan atlet berlainan jantina. Subjek terdiri daripada 144 atlet (72 lelaki dan 72 perempuan) yang berumur antara 15 hingga 18 tahun. Soal selidik Task and Ego Orientation in Sport Questionnaire (TEOSQ; Duda & Nicholls, 1992). Soal selidik TEOSQ yang akan digunakan adalah TEOSQ yang telah dialih bahasa oleh Shaharudin (1998) ke dalam Bahasa Melayu. Kebolehpercayaan TEOSQ yang telah diterjemahkan oleh Shaharudin (1998) ialah 0.80 bagi orientasi tugasan dan 0.76 bagi orientasi ego. Manakala Soal selidik Revised Competitive State Anxiety Inventory-2 (CSAI-2R) yang dibentuk oleh Cox et al., (2003) yang telah dialih bahasa oleh Hairul Anuar Hashim & Erie-Zuraidee Zulkifli (2010) ke dalam Bahasa Melayu digunakan untuk mengukur tahap kebimbangan prapertandingan dalam sukan. Dapatan menunjukkan terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara subskala orientasi tugasan dengan kebimbangan kognitif dan kebimbangan kognitif dengan kebimbangan somatik. Dapatan juga menunjukkan terdapat perbezaan yang signifikan antara atlet lelaki dan perempuan bagi subskala orientasi tugasan, orientasi ego dan kebimbangan kognitif. Manakala tidak terdapat perbezaan yang signifikan bagi subskala kebimbangan somatik dan keyakinan diri.
Kata Kunci: orientasi matlamat, kebimbangan, orientasi tugasan, orientasi ego
ABSTRACT
The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between precompetition anxiety and goal orientation among hockey athletes. In addition, the differences of the level of pre-competition anxiety and goal orientation between genders were also analyzed. The participants consisted of 144 athletes (72 males and 72 females). Revised Competitive State Anxiety Inventory-2 (CSAI-2R; Cox et al., (2003) and Task and Ego Orientation in Sport (TEOSQ; Duda & Nicholls, 1992) and were used. The results showed a significant relationship between the task orientation and cognitive anxiety and cognitive anxiety and somatic anxiety. The results also indicated there were significant differences between men and women for the task orientation, ego orientation and cognitive anxiety. However, there was no significant difference between somatic anxiety and self-confidence.
Keywords: anxiety, task orientation, ego orientation, self-confidence
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